目的 分析高节竹笋出土后外观品质、营养品质、食味品质的时序变化规律，为高节竹高品质竹笋培育和生产提供参考。 方法 在高节竹出笋盛期采集刚出土和出土后1 d、出土后2 d、出土后3 d的竹笋，对竹笋外观品质、营养品质和食味品质指标进行测定。 结果 高节竹笋出土后生长时间对竹笋长度、笋个体质量和脂肪、维生素C、异亮氨酸、亮氨酸、赖氨酸以及木质素、草酸、单宁、总黄酮含量、芳香味氨基酸比例有明显影响，但对竹笋蛋白质、可溶性糖、蔗糖、淀粉及纤维素含量影响并不明显，对其它种类游离氨基酸、人体必需氨基酸、呈味氨基酸含量和氨基酸总量及人体必需氨基酸比例、呈味氨基酸比例影响也不明显。 结论 高节竹笋外观品质和食味品质存在明显的出土后时序变化，食味品质主要影响成分为木质素、草酸、单宁和总黄酮等，呈味氨基酸影响较小，营养品质也有一定程度的变化。从高品质竹笋生产出发，宜及时采挖出土后1 d内的竹笋。

Tw o genetic trails including eight seed sources o f three nativeAescu lus species and tw enty plus tree fam ilies o fA. chinensis var. chekiangensis from Tong lu o f Zhejiang w ere used to exp lore the genetic variation be tw eenand w ith in A esculus spec ies for seed, g row th and morpho logy tra its at seed ling and young stage. The resu lts demonstrated that there w ere significant d ifferences fo r g row th and morpho logy characteristics among eight provenances ofthreeAesculus species. Among threeAesculus species, seeds ofA. w ilsonii were the b igges,t seeds o fA. ch inensisthe m iddle and seeds ofA. chinensis var. chekiangensis the leas.t Seed sources o fA. w ilsonii w ith b igger seedsw eregenera lly from the southern and southw estern areas. Itw as found that the spec ies/provenances from the seed sourcesw ith b ig seeds possessed greater seedling grow th, ex tensive tap and la teral roo t system, and larger leaves. Seedlingtest resu lt o f species/provenance grow th w as no t used to pred icted the grow th performance at young stage, because ofmarked seedmaternal effec.t A. chinensis var. chekiangensis from Lin a'n o fZhe jiangw ith least seeds have best grow thperformance, and w hileA. w ilsonii from M abian of S ichuan w ith b iggest seeds exh ib itedm ediate grow th perform anceat age tw o. Moreover, there ex isted rich fam ily varia tion for g row th andmorpho logy of seed ling and young trees inA.chinensis var. chekiangensis. Seed ling g row th o f fam ilies w as sign ificantly and positive ly related to the ir young treegrow th. Early se lection o f grow th traits cou ld conduct at seedling stage.

Total contents and components of escin were studied in seeds of Aesculus chinensis, A. chinensis var. chekiangensis and A. wilsonii collected from 8 origins. Results showed that total escin content ranged from 71.43 mg·g to 112.69 mg·g,with the highest in origin of Mabian, Sichuan Province and the lowest in origin of Kangxian, Gansu Province. It was suggested that escin content was correlated with geological zone to a certain extent. A.wilsonii was richer than that of Aesculus chinensis in escin content.The proportion of 4 types of escin varied dramatically among different origins. Component A in Mabian and Cangwang origin from Sichuan Province, Kangxian origin from Gansu Province, Mianxian origin from Shanxi Province and Xixia origin from Henan Province reached 35%～41% of total escin that was much higher than that of other components, while components D was below 15% that was only 1/3 of component A. Sum of Component A and C was nearly equal in Enshi, Hubei Province and Sangzhi, Hunan Province origins, which accounted for 58% of the total content. Lin'an origins from Zhejiang Province only got (17.17%) of component A while holding much higher proportion of component D. Statistical analysis also approved that the proportion of escin was correlated to geological zone.

高节竹是优良的笋材兼用竹种, 竹鞭延伸生长能力强, 具有较高的鞭笋生产潜力。为评价高节竹鞭笋品质和适口性, 以毛竹鞭笋为对照, 比较两者外观形态和营养物质、呈味物质含量的差异。结果表明:与毛竹鞭笋相比, 高节竹鞭笋略长, 个体质量、基径和蛋白质、纤维素、木质素、单宁、草酸、总酸含量明显较低, 而可食率、糖酸比和脂肪、可溶性糖含量明显较高。高节竹、毛竹鞭笋除鲜味氨基酸含量差异不明显外, 高节竹鞭笋的氨基酸总量及其它氨基酸组分的含量显著低于毛竹鞭笋, 但鲜味氨基酸、甜味氨基酸和芳香类氨基酸组分比例显著高于毛竹鞭笋, 苦味氨基酸组分比例明显低于毛竹鞭笋。研究表明, 高节竹鞭笋较为粗大、可食率高、粗糙度低、适口性好, 质量总体优于毛竹鞭笋。